Definition

Originally innovated in Japan before 2000, fine bubble industry under no proper standardization  received difficult development and obstacles. The Japanese approached ISO organization and set up the ISO Technical Committee 281 for fine bubbles standardization. After the first meeting of ISO fine bubbles in Kyoto in December 2013, "fine bubbles" are defined as the ones with diameter of less than 100-micron meters , while  "ultrafine bubbles" are those with diameter of less than 1 micron meter. 

Periodical update is referred to ISO 20480-1: https://www.iso.org/standard/68187.html 

Microbubbles are often called as "fine bubbles" whereas Nanobubbles can be called as "ultrafine bubbles".

Standardization Structure

Starting with 5 participating members and 10 observing members in 2013, the fine bubble ISO/TC 281 committee grew into 8 participating members and 11 observing members in Spring 2017

 By January 2022, there are 10 participating members and 11 observing members and by June 2023 there are 8 participating members and 12 observing members.

A global map displays members by June 2023